基于学习及发展理论的儿童行人安全教育

基于学习及发展理论的儿童行人安全教育(论文27000字)
摘 要
行人是城市交通中最易受到伤害的群体，儿童作为复杂的道路交通系统参与者，他们在道路交通系统中的安全令人担忧。据统计交通事故已经成为中国儿童意外伤亡的第二大杀手。开展交通安全教育已被证实为改善国家交通安全状况必要的一环。儿童正处于可塑性最强的年龄阶段, 其学习能力逐渐提高。这一时期针对儿童行为的干预收效最为显著, 是儿童接受交通安全教育的最佳时期。
本文结合心理学、学习理论、发展理论等相关知识，应用到儿童在学习知识方面从认知到迁移加工再到技能获取最后到强化学习的特性，从皮亚杰认知发展理论、游戏动画、家庭社会环境等诸多切入点分析儿童的受教特点, 并根据分析结果给出了对儿童交通安全教育教材编写、横穿马路、行走行为规范以及干预对策等方面的建议,有助于对儿童安全过街的认知的加强、对寻找安全间隙能力的提高、对儿童实践和行为的改进，从而提高儿童教育的针对性和适宜性。
结合了上述的一些方法及理论，我们才能制定出父母、交通部门、教育部门、社会等全方面参与的儿童安全教育的设计，才能有效的解决儿童安全问题，减少儿童交通安全事故。
关键词:  儿童行人  安全教育  学习理论  发展理论 [资料来源：https://www.doc163.com]

Abstrsct
Pedestrians are the most vulnerable of the city traffic, children as participants in road traffic system complex, their security is in the road traffic system concerns. According to the statistics of traffic accidents have become the second killer of Chinese children accident. To carry out education on traffic safety has been confirmed to improve the link state traffic safety condition necessary. The children are in the strongest plasticity stage, to improve their learning ability gradually. During this period the child behavior intervention has the most significant, is the best time for children to accept traffic safety education.
 Combined with psychology, learning theory, theory of knowledge, Applied to children learning knowledge from cognitive to the migration processing skills to get the last to the characteristics of the reinforcement learning，the development form the Piaget conitive theory,game animation, family and social environment and other characteristics of the starting point of the education of children, and gives the writing, on children's traffic safety education materials across the road, walking behavior norms and intervention countermeasure suggestions according to the analysis results, Helps to strengthen the cognition of children safe crossing the street and looking for security clearance ability improve, practice and improvement of the behavior for children，contribute to to improve the pertinence and suitability to children education. [资料来源：www.doc163.com]
Combines some of the methods and theories, we can make a parents, such as traffic department, the department of education, social participation in all aspects of the design of children safety education, to effectively solve the problem of child safety, reduce the number of children's traffic safety accidents.
Keywords： Child pedestrian   Safety education  Learning theory  Development theory

目录
摘 要    I
Abstrsct    II
第一章  背景    - 1 -
1.1我国的行人交通现状    - 1 -
1.2儿童行人事故现状    - 2 -
1.3道路上的危险因素    - 2 -
1.4工学及教育学对策    - 6 -
1.4.1工学对策    - 6 -
1.4.2教育学对策    - 7 -
第二章  儿童安全教育现状    - 8 -
2.1我国概况    - 8 -
2.2国外概况    - 8 -
2.2.1国外相关研究    - 8 - [资料来源：http://Doc163.com]
2.2.2法律保障制度    - 9 -
2.2.3安全设施保障    - 9 -
2.2.4教育体系保障    - 9 -
第三章   行人交通安全教育理论    - 11 -
3.1国外交通安全教育理论发展    - 11 -
3.2学习理论    - 11 -
3.2.1认知理论    - 11 -
3.2.2适当迁移加工和编码特异性原则    - 12 -
3.2.3技能的获得    - 14 -
3.2.4强化学习    - 15 -
3.3  发展理论    - 15 -
3.3.1皮亚杰的认知发展理论    - 16 -
3.3.2上下文方法    - 17 -
3.4行人安全过街行为相关理论    - 18 -
3.4.1对于安全穿过马路的认知    - 18 -
3.4.2路边调查    - 19 -
3.4.3道路安全间隙的认知    - 21 -
3.4.4实践和行为的改进    - 22 -
第四章  儿童行人安全教育设计    - 26 -