论比例原则在我国行政处罚中的适用

论比例原则在我国行政处罚中的适用(论文10000字)
中文摘要
近年来，随着现代社会的高度发展，行政机关监督和管理社会生活的职能和范围正在不断扩大，尤其在行政处罚领域。作为行政处罚中需要适用的重要原则——比例原则，成为现代社会行政权的核心要素之一，能够对充分发挥行政机关的能动性，起到积极有效的规范，并且帮助行政机关更好地管理社会，提高其自身的能动性。
遗憾的是，现今中国仍存在很大一部分行政机关机关在进行行政处罚时，由于运用比例原则不当，导致裁量空间偏大，行政机关随意执法、滥用裁量等问题越来越突出，这样一来，不仅仅会侵害行政管理相对人的合法权益，破坏良好的社会管理秩序，损害法律的效力和权威，甚至还会对公权力的公众形象造成不可估量的负面影响。本文采用比较研究和文献检索研究，从分析行政机关机关进行行政处罚时运用比例原则的重要性、困境、完善措施方面入手，结合国外典型的行政机关运用行政处罚比例原则的经验，解读我国行政机关适用行政处罚比例原则面临的困境及借鉴国外行政机关的有益经验。本文旨在通过探讨完善行政机关适用比例原则的措施，更好地发挥行政机关的能动性。
关键词：行政处罚；合法权益；行政自由裁量；比例原则

  
Abstract
In recent years, with the highly development of modern society, the administrative authority to supervise and manage the function of social life and scope is expanding constantly, especially in the field of administrative punishment. As an important principle in administrative penalties applicable, proportion principle, become the core element of executive power in modern society, for active play to the initiative of the administrative management of the social, flexible and effective treatment is essential.
But part of the administrative authority in the administrative punishment also has many improper use of proportionality, lead to discretion space slants big, random problem such as law enforcement, abuse of discretion is more and more outstanding, not only infringes upon the lawful rights and interests, the administrative relative person's destruction of good social management order, damage the legal validity and authority, will also be brought to the public image of power immeasurable negative impact. This article USES the comparison research and the study of literature retrieval, from the analysis of the administrative organ for administrative punishment when using the proportion principle aspects of the importance, difficulty, perfect measures, combining with the typical of foreign administrative experience, to apply the administrative penalty proportion principle of our administrative organs for the plight of the administrative penalty proportion principle and draw lessons from foreign administrative organs of the beneficial experience. The purpose of this paper is to through the perfect administrative measures to apply the principle of proportion, better play to the initiative of the administrative organ.
Key words:The administrative punishment; The legitimate rights and interests; Administrative discretion; proportionality