一种智能教室开关的实现与节能计
一种智能教室开关的实现与节能计(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文17700字)
摘 要
随着人们对于照明量的需求增加，而照明依赖能源。为节省照明消耗，实现无人智能控制，本次毕设应用AT89C52RC单片机作为系统核心控制器，能够克服现行教学楼教室灯具控制的单一、非智能多样化控制的缺点。
本系统具有手控和自控两种模式。自控模式下，系统使用热释及红外对管检测教室人存在与否、教室人数，从而实现教室根据人数开启灯具，避免人少而灯具全亮的浪费。同时系统使用DS1302实时时钟芯片，控制教室灯具定时关闭。在此基础上，系统设定时间段（7：00-21：:00）允许手动模式，使系统具有更大的灵活性。系统还使用LCD显示实时时间、教室人数，按键调整电路允许系统调整实时时间，提高系统操作运行交互性。针对现行走廊灯具控制，该系统利用定时器对灯具进行PWM调光控制。利用光敏检测器、红外热释检测器、PWM调光实现走廊微亮与高亮控制。实验数据与现行教学楼灯具运行调查结果表明，该系统具有以往单一控制所未有的优点，能达到对国内大多高校教学楼走廊及教室进行智能控制、满足教学楼照明节能的要求。
关键词：单片机 定时 智能控制 PWM调光
Design and Implementation of an Intelligent Classroom Switch and Energy Saving Statistics
Abstract
With the increasing demand for lighting and lighting depends on energy. In order to save lighting consumption and realize unattended intelligent control, AT89C52RC single chip computer is used as the core control device of the system, which can overcome the shortcomings of single and non-intelligent diversified control of classroom lamps in the current teaching building.
The system has two modes: manual control and automatic control. Under the automatic control mode, the system uses pyrolysis and infrared tube to detect the presence of classroom people and the number of classroom people, so as to realize that the classroom lights can be turned on according to the number of people and avoid the waste of fewer people and full lighting of lamps. At the same time, the system uses DS1302 real-time clock chip to control the timed closure of classroom lamps. On this basis, the system set a time period (7:00-21:00) to allow manual mode, so that the system has greater flexibility. The system also uses LCD to display the real-time time and the number of classrooms. The key adjustment circuit allows the system to adjust the real-time time and improve the interactivity of system operation and operation. According to the current control of corridor lamps, the system uses timer to control the PWM dimming of lamps. The light and brightness control of corridor is realized by using photosensitive detector, infrared pyrolysis detector and PWM dimming. The experimental data and the investigation results of the lamp operation in the current teaching building show that the system has the unprecedented advantages of single control in the past, and can achieve the intelligent control of corridors and classrooms in most domestic university teaching buildings and meet the requirements of lighting energy saving in teaching buildings.
Key words:MCU；timing；intelligent control；PWM dimming
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第一章引言 1
1.1 智能教室研究意义 1
1.2 国内外智能教室发展情况 1
1.3 文章组织结构 4
第二章教学楼智能照明系统分析 5
2.1 教学楼灯光照明外在因素分析 5
2.1.1 人员的流动性及需求多样化 5
2.1.2 环境对检测的影响 5
2.2 教学楼照明智能开关功能分析设计 5 [来源：http://Doc163.com]
2.3 本章小结 8
第三章教室智能开关系统硬件模块设计 9
3.1 主控电路AT89C51 9
3.2 实时时钟电路DS1302 10
3.3 交互显示电路LCD1602 12
3.4 按键调整电路 13
3.5 环境检测模块 14
3.5.1 热释检测模块 14
3.5.2 红外对管人数检测模块 15
3.5.3 光敏检测模块 15
3.6 继电器驱动模块 16
3.7 本章小结 17
第四章教室智能开关系统软件程序设计 18
4.1 系统流程图 18
4.1.1 系统主流程图 18
4.1.2 LCD1602初始化 20
4.1.3 定时器初始化 20
4.2 DS1302实时时钟读写流程 22
4.3 手自动运行模式设计 22
4.4 计数模块 23
4.5 楼梯控制程序模块 23
4.5.1 楼梯程序设计 23 [资料来源：Doc163.com]
4.5.2 PWM调光技术 24
4.6 本章小结 25
第五章智能教室开关Proteus仿真调试 26
5.1 智能教室开关Proteus仿真 26
5.2 智能教室开关实物焊接与调试 26
5.4 调试过程遇到的问题 28
5.4 本章小结 28
第六章总结与展望 29
6.1 总结 29
6.2 展望 29
参考文献 30
致谢 32
附录1：厚学楼照明系统统计数据 33 [资料来源：http://www.doc163.com]