基于FPGA数据采集系统设计
基于FPGA数据采集系统设计(任务书,开题报告,外文翻译,论文12000字)
摘 要
随着科学技术的飞速发展，人们需要迅速而又精确的获取大量的数据信息。数据采集在工业控制和科学研究中的应用越来越广泛，数据采集技术也不断地向多路、高速、智能化的方向发展。
本文在FPGA核心单元的基础上，实现了一种多路数据采集系统的设计。该系统利用电脑串口发送命令，多路模拟开关实现多路信号输入；FPGA控制AD采集数据，利用FPGA内部的FIFO实现数据的存储和读取，然后FPGA通过串口将采集得到的数据发送给电脑。
本文首先介绍了数据采集系统的国内外发展现状之后，确定了基于FPGA的多路数据采集系统的总体方案，完成了FPGA与A/D的芯片选型；使用Protel完成了系统硬件电路原理图的设计；然后使用Verilog HDL语言完成了程序的编写，在Quartus II开发工具上完成了对程序的设计、调试和仿真，实现了多路选通模块、数据采集模块、数据存储读取模块和数据发送模块的设计和功能验证。最后将FPGA程序下载到开发板上，通过串口将采集得到的数据在电脑上显示，实现了数据采集的功能。
经过对软硬件的调试，得出结果表明，输入的模拟信号转变成了计算机所能识别的数字信号，实现了FPGA控制多路模拟信号，通过AD进行模数转换并存储在FIFO中，通过串口通信在电脑上显示结果的功能。 [资料来源：https://www.doc163.com]
关键词： FPGA 多路数据采集 A/D模数转换 Verilog HDL 串口通信
Data Acquisition System Design Based on FPGA
Abstract
With the rapid development of science and technology, people need to get large amounts of data information quickly and accurately. Data acquisition is applied widely in industrial control and scientific research, the technology of data acquisition is also developing towards multi-channel, high-speed, intelligent constantly.
This paper is based on the core unit of FPGA, realizing a design of a data acquisition system. The system sends commands by the serial port, the multi-channel analog switch realizes the input of multi-channel signal, AD devices converts the signals from analog format to digital, FPGA control data acquisition of AD, using the internal FIFO of FPGA to storage and read data, then FPGA send the collection of data through the serial port.
Firstly, the paper introduces the present situation of data acquisition system at home and abroad, confirming the general planning of data acquisition system based on FPGA. It has been completed the chip selection of FPGA and A/D. Complete the design of the hardware circuit of the system principle diagram by using Protel. Then it used the Verilog HDL language to complete the program. Complete the design, the debugging and simulation of the program by using the Quartus II development tools. The system realizes the design and functional verification of the command receiving and processing module, the acquisition control of AD module, the storage and reading of data module, data transmission module. At last, download the FPGA program to the development board, through the serial port to display the collected data on the computer, realizing the function of data acquisition.
Through debugging the hardware and software, the results show that the analog signal turns into the digital signal that computer can be recognized. The FPGA controls multi-channel analog signal, AD converts the signals from analog format to digital and stored in FIFO, realizing the function of displaying results in the computer through the serial port.
Keywords: FPGA; Data acquisition; AD converter; Serial port
[资料来源：http://www.doc163.com]
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 引言 1
1.2 课题背景及意义 1
1.3 国内外的研究现状 2
1.4 本文所做的工作 3
第二章 系统总体实现方案 5
2.1 系统实现方案 5
2.2 系统各模块芯片选型 5
2.2.1 多路模拟开关芯片选型 5
2.2.2 信号调理电路芯片选型 6
2.2.3 AD转换芯片的选型 6
2.2.4 FPGA核心单元芯片选型 7
2.2.5 串口芯片选型 7
第三章 硬件电路设计 9
3.1 系统硬件整体方案设计 9 [资料来源：http://www.doc163.com]
3.2 子模块设计与分析 9
3.2.1 CD4052模拟开关 9
3.2.2 ADC模块电路 10
3.2.3 FPGA系统核心模块电路 11
3.2.4 FPGA系统时钟和系统复位图 12
3.2.5 下载配置电路 13
3.2.6 串口电路 13
3.2.7 硬件电路整体图 14
第四章 程序的设计与实现 15
4.1 多路选通模块 16
4.2 数据采集模块 17
4.3 数据存储读取模块 19
4.4 数据发送模块 21
4.5 顶层模块设计 25
第五章 系统的调试与测试 28
第六章 总结及展望 31
6.1 总结 31
6.2 展望 31
参考文献 33
致 谢 35 [资料来源：Doc163.com]