数控加工技术概述

数控加工技术概述
1数控编程及其发展
数控编程是目前CAD/CAPP/CAM系统中最能明显发挥效益的环节之一，其在实现设计加工自动化、提高加工精度和加工质量、缩短产品研制周期等方面发挥着重要作用。在诸如航空工业、汽车工业等领域有着大量的应用。由于生产实际的强烈需求，国内外都对数控编程技术进行了广泛的研究，并取得了丰硕成果。下面就对数控编程及其发展作一些介绍。
1.1数控编程的基本概念
数控编程是从零件图纸到获得数控加工程序的全过程。它的主要任务是计算加工走刀中的刀位点（cutterlocationpoint简称CL点）。刀位点一般取为刀具轴线与刀具表面的交点，多轴加工中还要给出刀轴矢量。
1.2数控编程技术的发展概况
为了解决数控加工中的程序编制问题，50年代，MIT设计了一种专门用于机械零件数控加工程序编制的语言，称为APT（AutomaticallyProgrammedTool）。其后，APT几经发展，形成了诸如APTII、APTIII（立体切削用）、APT（算法改进，增加多坐标曲面加工编程功能）、APTAC（Advancedcontouring）(增加切削数据库管理系统)和APT/SS（SculpturedSurface）(增加雕塑曲面加工编程功能)等先进版。
采用APT语言编制数控程序具有程序简炼，走刀控制灵活等优点，使数控加工编程从面向机床指令的“汇编语言”级，上升到面向几何元素.APT仍有许多不便之处：采用语言定义零件几何形状，难以描述复杂的几何形状，缺乏几何直观性；缺少对零件形状、刀具运动轨迹的直观图形显示和刀具轨迹的验证手段；难以和CAD数据库和CAPP系统有效连接；不容易作到高度的自动化，集成化。(毕业设计)

Numerical control processing technology outline
 1 numerical control programming and its developmen
    The numerical control programming is present CAD/CAPP/In the CAM system most can obviously display one of benefit links, it in the realization design processing automation, the enhancement processing precision and the processing quality, reduces aspect and so on product development cycle is playing the vital role. In such as domain and so on aviation industry, automobile industry has the massive applications. Because produces the actual intense demand, domestic and foreign has all conducted extensive research to the numerical control programming technology, and has yielded the substantial result. Under on makes some introductions to the numerical control programming and its the development.
    1.1 numerical controls programming basic concept
    The numerical control programming is to obtains the numerical control processing procedure from the components blueprint the entire process. Its primary mission is calculates the processing to feed the knife position spot (cutterlocationpoint to be called CL). The knife position spot takes generally for the cutting tool spool thread and the cutting tool surface point of intersection, in the multiple spindle processing also must produce the cutter bar vector.

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