超宽带天线的设计
超宽带天线的设计(论文12000字)
摘要：近年来,超宽带通信系统由于其具有廉价的制作成本，极大的信道容量，超低的发射功率，极快的传输速度以及具有全向辐射性而产生了跨越式的发展。超宽带通信技术在近现代来已经成为了世界各地的研究人员探讨的热门领域。由于天线对于超宽带通信系统性能的影响是尤为关键的。而自2002年2月以来，美国联邦通信委员会首次将3.1GHz至10.6GHz的频率范围定义为超宽带天线的工作频谱，并为其开放了民用领域的使用。于是如何设计一款具有良好性能的超宽带天线自然开始变得火热起来。在此基础上，超宽带平面天线具有比一般天线更低的成本，更小的体积以及更方便进行加工制作，贴切的满足了一款性能优良的超宽带天线的设计，于是深受人们的青睐。因此，研究设计一款性能优良的超宽带天线已成为21世纪天线设计和研究的重点之一。
本文的主要研究内容是设计一个尺寸微小平面超宽带天线，并对其性能参数进行优化分析，使其满足一款超宽带天线的基本设计要求。
同时为了避免其他频段如WLAN无线局域网系统（5.2ghz-5.8ghz）以及WIMAX全球微波互联接入系统(3.4ghz-3.8ghz)的干扰，在超宽带天线结构上通过改变其结构（开凹槽）或者附加结构（添加寄生条）的方法加载陷波结构实现天线的双陷波特性。在设计过程中使用的仿真软件是CST仿真软件。
关键词：超宽带，天线，陷波特性，双陷波
Design of UWB antenna
Abstract:In recent years, uwb communication system has developed by leaps and bounds due to its very low cost, ultra-low transmission loss, ultra-low transmission power, extremely high transmission rate and multi-path resolution. Ultra-wideband communication technology has become a hot field for researchers all over the world in recent years. The effect of antennas on the performance of uwb communication systems is particularly critical. For the first time since February 2002, the federal communications commission defined the frequency range from 3.1GHz to 10.6GHz as the working spectrum of the uwb antenna and opened it up for civilian use. So how to design a uwb antenna with good performance naturally becomes hot. On this basis, the uwb planar antenna has lower cost than the general antenna, smaller size and more convenient for processing and production, appropriate to meet the design of a good performance of the uwb antenna, so favored by people. Therefore, the research and design of an uwb antenna with excellent performance has become one of the focuses of antenna design and research in the 21st century.
The main research content of this paper is to design a micro-planar ultra-wideband antenna, and optimize its performance parameters to make it meet the basic design requirements of an ultra-wideband antenna.
At the same time, in order to avoid the interference of WLAN narrow-band WLAN system (5.2ghz-5.8ghz) and WIMAX global microwave interconnection access system (3.4ghz-3.8ghz), the notch structure of the uwb antenna is loaded by changing its structure (groove-opening) or additional structure (adding parasitic strips) to realize the double-notch characteristic of the antenna. The simulation software used in the design process is CST simulation software.
Key words：Ultra-Wideband，antenna，notch characteristic，Double notch
目 录
1、绪论 1
1.1引言 1
1.2超宽带天线的发展历史及研究状况 1
1.2.1早期超宽带天线的发展 2
1.2.2现代超宽带天线的发展 3
1.3 本文的主要研究内容及安排 4
2、超宽带天线的基本原理和天线设计的理论 6
2.1天线的基本理论及参数 6
2.1.1天线的带宽 6
2.1.2天线的方向性 6
2.1.3天线的增益 7
2.1.4天线的输入阻抗 7
2.1.5超宽带天线的方向性图 8
2.2微带天线的馈电方式 8
3、圆形平面超宽带天线的设计 9
3.1 CST微波工作室仿真软件的简介 10
3.2平面超宽带贴片天线 11
3.2.1参数分析 12
3.2.2设计验证及分析 14
4、单双陷波的超宽带天线设计 15
4.1引言 15
4.2在贴片上开凹槽的单陷波超宽带天线的设计 16
4.2.1设计过程 17
4.2.2参数分析 18
4.3基于单陷波天线的双陷波超宽带天线的设计 18
4.3.1设计过程 19
4.3.2天线参数分析 20
4.3.3设计验证及分析 20
4.3.4实物加工及测量 20
5、总结与展望 23